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The structure of an organization is meant to help the organization grow and thrive in terms of productivity. In the banking sector, the structure is supposed to incorporate an efficient and compatible network design with the bank organization. Proper network design for the bank ensures that the customers have a wide range of financial services. It also ensures that the customers are not restricted or bounded by any networking constraints. An efficient network design creates a small banking world where clients and customers can access a wide range of financial services. A banking network design creates multiple links with other financial institutions to enable sharing and access to data among the institutions. This particular chapter will seek to look into how the study will be done about the banking network design. It will also look into already done experiments and the method of research employed. Results and findings that enabled attainment of conclusions will also be analyzed and discussed. The chapter will consider a project by on Bank Network Structure with Electronic Transactions Considerations. The project looks into bank branches and the network design employed by the banks in a bid to create an interlink among the branches and also with the banks’ competitors. The chapter will also look into the research design, model specification, target population, data collection and instruments, and data analysis in the experiment already done and might be considered in this project.
Experimental Work
Branch Bank Network Structure with Electronic Transactions Considerations was a study conducted in a bid to investigate the role and significance of network design on the banking system. It takes into consideration the cost involved in the provision and creation of an efficient networking structure among the bank branches and also among the bank competitors. It also seeks to look into the distribution network of the design and the capability of the system or network in achieving a strategic milestone. The electronic system of networking is quite complicated and expensive; thus, the need to investigate the viability of the system in the banking sector (Er. Vivek Sharma). Effective networking systems also raise the question of the retention of the branches of any financial institution.
The banking organization structure brings into consideration the centralization of work in the banking sector, creating a locus of control, which is only enabled by the networking design of the bank. According to Thompson, the structure of the organization of the banking system in the united states is more complicated than in any other part of the world (Thompson 1). The complexity in these structures is guaranteed by the existence of both state-chartered banks and federal banks in the country. Multiple agencies that regulate the banking sector combined with many commercial and investment banks are either part of the same or separate central financial institutions and also bring about the complexity of this sector. The preference for local and small banks is brought about by the need for personalized interaction of the customers with the bank and its personnel. The structure of these banks is usually straightforward, thus the preference. Retail and investment banks provide a completely different architecture in the banking sector where the complexity of organization comes in with a higher number of personnel, clientele, and services. Before 1999, the commercial and investment departments of financial institutions were two different entities. However, the evolution of the networking systems brought in a completely new design that provided a link between the two structures of the banking system (Redford, Dana T).
(Thompson 2) Also notes that the banking corporations of some institutions in the united states are part of more giant corporations. The banking sector of the larger corporations works independently, although under the close supervision of a team from the parent corporation. An efficient networking design guarantees the efficiency of operations in the banking sector in consideration of the governing principles of the more massive corporation. Various activities and processes that run in the banking sector also need to be well coordinated to achieve efficiency in operations. The experiment conducted by both Reynold E Byers and Phillip J Lederer sought to identify the costs attached to these operations guided by research design and also the system capability in achieving efficiency. The activities and procedures assigned are also integrated into the experiment being done in this study.
The security plume of the banking system is a very critical function performed by an efficient bank networking design. According to (Meyrick), advancement in technology has brought with it several implications in the financial sector. The technology complexity has left the banking sector exposed to many cybersecurity threats (Purser, Steve). The exposure to risks has left the industrial area exposed to huge costs in a bid to secure their systems against cyber-crimes and possible intrusions. Research is needed to identify the potential risks associated with cybersecurity related to the banking sector. Identifying the problem enables the financial institution to locate the problem and determine possible remedies to the security threat. Security plumes in the banking sector call for the integration of security measures in the financial institutions with those of national regulatory bodies. (Meyrick) Says that an efficient networking design should be able to detect, recognize, and identify the security threats and prevent them from interfering with the operations of the financial institutions (Ravi, Vadlamani). The advanced technology requires an advanced networking design for the banks further guaranteeing the security of the organizations, personnel, and customers (Malay Kumar Kundu).
The international organization for staandardization is a foreign body whose objectives are majorly aimed at setting standards for commercial and industrial corporations. It is composed of representatives from national corporations around the world. The open system interconnection is a networking system of communication set up by the ISO in 1984. According to (Rouse), the open system interconnection helps in establishing a relationship between various sectors of a particular system. In our case, OSI helps in establishing the connection between multiple departments or divisions of the banking sector. The OSI framework enabled the identification of the banking system aided by a good networking design of banks. OSI in our project will assist in establishing a study focus as it provides a clear conceptual framework for any networking design by various banks and financial institutions (Rouse).
(Rouse) Clarifies that the OSI framework was initially intended to provide a transparent interface of networking in any organization or corporation. It was meant to act as the guiding system to any telecommunication activity guided by the high standards set by the international organization for standardization. Rouse further notes that the OSI framework provides a clear pathway to two or more communication endpoints. In the experiment done, therefore, the open systems interconnection provided a guideline to the study. The research consequently obliged to the standards required by the international standards organization in a bid to achieve effective results from the survey. The experiment focused on the services that the users of the OSI framework offered and also the products that they were working on. It further focused on the network products and services that were directly linked to the structure in a bid to identify the efficiency of any network design system.
OSI system has several layers which also provided a basis for the experiment. In some methods of operation, ensure consistent flow and relay of data and information among other segments of the framework. These layers are seven in number and are discussed below.
The application layer calls for the identification of communication parties in a system. In the experiment, identified communication partners include the various branches of a bank and the bank itself and the competitors of the bank who also serve the institution’s customers. The capacity to the network of the banking institution is also determined to look deep into the design incorporated by the institution. The experiment also checks whether the information relayed to the customers is accessible and easy to understand and comprehend. The layer is identified as layer seven.
The sixth layer is the presentation layer, and the experiment looked into the operating system of the networking design of banking institutions. The examination at this moment focuses on how information is processed. Processing of information brings in the procedures of encrypting and decrypting of information. These procedures are applied in the processes of passing information either to various branches of the financial institution or to the customers. The other layer is the session layer, which brings in the concept of authentication in the experiment. An efficient research design should be able to properly authenticate and reconnect the network user in cases of interruption.
The fourth layer is the transport layer, which looks into the distribution of data among the various end users of the network design. It also brings in the concept of checking for intrusions such as viruses upon delivery of data or a package to the recipient. The experiment, therefore, focuses specifically on the internet and its delivery operations.
The network layer in the experiment creates a focus on whether the networking design can send information or data in the right direction. The advanced technology may create confusion, thus the importance of the experiment in studying the efficiency of these networking systems in the banking sector.
The data link layer creates and helps in setting up of physical links of the networking system for efficiency in the institution’s network operations. The experiment, therefore, looks into the effectiveness of these links in the banking institutions. The logical and media access layers also fall under this layer.
The physical layer, which is the first layer, is used in the research to create a focus on bit streaming across the network. In the banking sector, bit streaming is done electrically, mechanically or through waves most preferably radio waves. The experiment, therefore, focuses on the networking design and how it streams its data through its operations. It also focuses on all the physical components of the networking process. The Data Link and Physical layers are mostly applied together to depict the LAN and WAN particulars.
In a particular experiment, the researcher aims at finding out the model of the banking system and the procedures attached to it. The researcher also aims at identifying and interlinks in the order and the expected results. In the experiment, a central system is used to form a joint base for processing and integration of all the operations of the bank. The investigation identifies the various departments and branches that need to be identified and integrated into one system in the banking sector. A banking sector, just like any other sector of the economy, is composed of a mixed distribution system. The system is one that is complex and requires a lot of efficiency for the banking network design to be effective in its performance (Hougaard). The more substantial consumer base and the complexity of the electronic transaction system requires a networking design that won’t fail in its operations.
In the experiment, computer systems are identified as the primary base of information and data. These computers are either from the various departments of the banking sector and also the different branches of the bank that are directly linked to the banking networking design. The point of primary processing of data is also the point where the customer base is established as it directly connects the clients with the bank. These computers are equipped with up to date technologies to ensure continued delivery of service to the clients (Reynold E Byers). The primary processing and reliability of information is the most essential and critical point in the networking system as it provides ground for the banking processes. It is also the point where customer information is fed into the computer system. The computers are equipped with programmes that are meant to develop an economic strategy while maintaining a high-security alert for the network (Vacca). These programmes are designed in a manner that they are compatible with the distribution strategy in place for the banking networking design. The employees of the banking organization mostly operate the computers in a banking networking design both from the departments within the main branch of the organization and also from different branches of the bank.
Also identified in the experiment are computer servers. A computer server is a program of the computer system that provides a base for the whole networking design. It provides the support that is critical for a stable and secure distribution network of the banking organization (Ghosh, Sumit). It efficiently integrates multiple processes from the computer systems operated across the banking corporation and assists in relaying the information across the various departments (Aveyard). As noted in our experiment, the servers play a vital role in the networking design as they are the central point of the whole networking system. It forms the focal point of all the computer devices involved in service delivery in the banking processes. The computer servers provide ample storage space and logistical support for information and data regarding the services offered by the bank (Keßler, Martin). Although the computers and other devices in these banks also perform the role of storing data, the servers provide more extensive storage space and convenient access point of the data. They also have a strong memory capacity with the programs installed, ensuring safety and quick retrieval of data recorded through different periods of business operations of the banking organization (Reynold E Byers).
Another component of the banking networking design worked on in our experiment in the router. A router is an essential component of the networking process and is used to send packages of data across different networks. In other words, it is used to control traffic in the various systems directing various pieces of data and information to their required destinations. The router in our experiment identifies the paths needed for the specific data being sent through the network. According to (Mitchell), a router operates while connected to at least two network paths mostly the LAN and WAN networks. A router is said to connect and integrate various computer networks through both wired and wireless networks (Mitchell). In our experiment, the multiple computers connect networks of different computer systems but within the banking organization. Our research also focuses on the role of routers in integrating networks already integrated by other routers in the networking design of the organization.
From our experiment, router 9 integrates the networks from switches which combine the networks from computers 7,8 and 9. Subsequently, router 8 integrates the networks from computers 12,2,11 and 10 through the assistance of switches 8,9 and 3. Router 2 then combines the networks from the routers involved in the previous networking processes. Router 2 also performs the integration of networks role on the networking processes already done and also includes networks from other computers such as 1.3.5 and 6. These computers are also operated under the server, which is the networking system backbone. These routers perform a managerial role for the networks from the different computer software and hardware devices within the banking organization. The routers manage data flow and ensure that what is sent through the networks is what is required by the recipients of these data.
The blue circles represent the computers operated by employees of the banking institution and are critical parts of the networking design. These are the primary sources of data and information involved in the networking process. The orange circles represent the managerial computers which are operated by managers and heads of departments or branch managers of the banking institutions. The switches connect the computer systems with the routers which direct traffic from the networks. The switches receive and process information and then forward the data to routers for distribution. The brown circles represent the control computers which manage operations of customers who interact directly with the banking institution’s computer system. The transactions may involve online banking services and activities carried out by the bank’s clients. The yellow region represents the primary base of the networking process, while the green area represents the central operating base. The fundamental working station represents the central networking point of the banking institution where the server is also located.
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